Jourdan Pauline, Martinet Jean-Philippe, Ferté Hubert, Mathieu Bruno, Vazeille Marie, Depaquit Jérôme, Failloux Anna-Bella, Decors Anouk, Charrel Rémi
Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ, Università di Corsica, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IRBA), 13005 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UR ESCAPE-USC ANSES PETARD, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims Cedex, France.
Viruses. 2025 Sep 6;17(9):1217. doi: 10.3390/v17091217.
Emerging arboviruses of the genus such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV), primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, pose significant public health threats due to their ability to cause severe neurological diseases in humans and animals. While studies in North America and Central Europe have shown that these viruses can persist in overwintering mosquitoes, their role in viral maintenance during the cold season in northeastern France remains unknown. This study aimed to assess whether overwintering female mosquitoes in this region could harbor WNV or USUV during the cold season, potentially maintaining viral circulation until the following transmission season. Between October 2021 and February 2024, a total of 10,617 overwintering female mosquitoes were collected in various types of habitats across five departments in northeastern France. The most common species was (88%). Mosquitoes were grouped into 1121 pools (1-10 individuals each) and tested by real-time RT-PCR for WNV, USUV, and other flaviviruses using a pan-Flavivirus NS5-targeting assay. All pools tested negative, indicating no evidence of viral RNA in overwintering females. These results suggested that overwintering female mosquitoes in northeastern France do not act as reservoirs for WNV or USUV, and do not contribute to their overwintering maintenance.
该属的新兴虫媒病毒，如西尼罗河病毒（WNV）和乌苏图病毒（USUV），主要通过蚊子传播，因其能够在人类和动物中引发严重的神经系统疾病，对公共卫生构成了重大威胁。虽然北美和中欧的研究表明这些病毒可以在越冬蚊子体内持续存在，但它们在法国东北部寒冷季节病毒维持中的作用仍然未知。本研究旨在评估该地区的越冬雌蚊在寒冷季节是否可能携带WNV或USUV，从而有可能维持病毒传播直至下一个传播季节。在2021年10月至2024年2月期间，在法国东北部五个省份的各种栖息地共收集了10617只越冬雌蚊。最常见的物种是[具体物种未给出]（占88%）。蚊子被分成1121组（每组1至10只个体），并使用靶向泛黄病毒NS5的检测方法通过实时RT-PCR检测WNV、USUV和其他黄病毒。所有组检测均为阴性，表明越冬雌蚊体内没有病毒RNA的证据。这些结果表明，法国东北部的越冬雌蚊不会作为WNV或USUV的储存宿主，也不会对它们的越冬维持起到作用。
