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用于响应性神经学结果的神经化学传感与调节的低维纳米结构综述

A Review on Low-Dimensional Nanoarchitectonics for Neurochemical Sensing and Modulation in Responsive Neurological Outcomes.

作者信息

Tabish Mohammad, Malik Iram, Akhtar Ali, Afzal Mohd

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia.

King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh 11614, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Biomolecules. 2025 Oct 2;15(10):1405. doi: 10.3390/biom15101405.

DOI:10.3390/biom15101405
PMID:41154635
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12562191/
Abstract

Low-Dimensional Nanohybrids (LDNHs) have emerged as potent multifunctional platforms for neurosensing and neuromodulation, providing elevated spatial-temporal precision, versatility, and biocompatibility. This review examines the intersection of LDNHs with artificial intelligence, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), and closed-loop neurotechnologies, highlighting their transformative potential in personalized neuro-nano-medicine. Utilizing stimuli-responsive characteristics, optical, thermal, magnetic, and electrochemical LDNHs provide real-time feedback-controlled manipulation of brain circuits. Their pliable and adaptable structures surpass the constraints of inflexible bioelectronics, improving the neuronal interface and reducing tissue damage. We also examined their use in less invasive neurological diagnostics, targeted therapy, and adaptive intervention systems. This review delineates recent breakthroughs, integration methodologies, and fundamental mechanisms, while addressing significant challenges such as long-term biocompatibility, deep-tissue accessibility, and scalable manufacturing. A strategic plan is provided to direct future research toward clinical use. Ultimately, LDNHs signify a transformative advancement in intelligent, tailored, and closed-loop neurotechnologies, integrating materials science, neurology, and artificial intelligence to facilitate the next era of precision medicine.

摘要

低维纳米杂化物（LDNHs）已成为用于神经传感和神经调节的强大多功能平台，具有更高的时空精度、多功能性和生物相容性。本文综述探讨了LDNHs与人工智能、脑机接口（BCIs）和闭环神经技术的交叉点，突出了它们在个性化神经纳米医学中的变革潜力。利用刺激响应特性，光学、热、磁和电化学LDNHs可对脑回路进行实时反馈控制的操纵。它们柔韧且适应性强的结构超越了刚性生物电子学的限制，改善了神经元接口并减少了组织损伤。我们还研究了它们在微创神经诊断、靶向治疗和自适应干预系统中的应用。本文综述阐述了近期的突破、整合方法和基本机制，同时解决了诸如长期生物相容性、深层组织可达性和可扩展制造等重大挑战。提供了一项战略计划，以指导未来的临床应用研究。最终，LDNHs标志着智能、定制和闭环神经技术的变革性进展，整合了材料科学、神经学和人工智能，以推动精准医学的新时代。

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