Kenyon R H, Ascher M S, Kishimoto R A, Pedersen C E
Infect Immun. 1977 Dec;18(3):840-6. doi: 10.1128/iai.18.3.840-846.1977.
The presence of cell-mediated immunity in Rocky Mountain spotted fever-infected guinea pigs was determined by two in vitro assays: whole blood lymphocyte transformation (LT) and macrophage migration inhibition. Increased LT was detected as early as 1 week in guinea pigs infected with Rickettsia rickettsii and treated with oxytetracycline and was detected by two weeks in infected but untreated guinea pigs. Elevated LT was still detectable at 10 weeks postinfection. Guinea pigs vaccinated with killed rickettsiae failed to develop lymphocyte responsiveness; however, there was a rapid lymphocyte response after challenge with live organisms, suggesting potentiation by the vaccine. Vaccinated guinea pigs that were challenged and then treated with antibiotic failed to develop LT, suggesting that infection is necessary for the observed response. Macrophage migration inhibition was detected in both infected and vaccinated guinea pigs by 1 week after infection, but this response was no longer detected 4 to 5 weeks later. Antibody appeared at 2 to 3 weeks postinfection and was present at low levels through week 10. Antibody-treated rickettsiae were phagocytized and destroyed by guinea pig peritoneal macrophages, whereas normal serum-treated rickettsiae replicated and eventually destroyed the phagocytes.
全血淋巴细胞转化（LT）和巨噬细胞游走抑制。早在感染立氏立克次体并用土霉素治疗的豚鼠中，1周时就检测到LT增加，而在感染但未治疗的豚鼠中，2周时检测到LT增加。感染后10周仍可检测到升高的LT。用灭活立克次体疫苗接种的豚鼠未能产生淋巴细胞反应性；然而，在用活病原体攻击后有快速的淋巴细胞反应，表明疫苗有增强作用。接种疫苗后受到攻击然后用抗生素治疗的豚鼠未能产生LT，表明感染对于观察到的反应是必要的。感染后1周在感染和接种疫苗的豚鼠中均检测到巨噬细胞游走抑制，但4至5周后不再检测到这种反应。抗体在感染后2至3周出现，并在第10周时一直处于低水平。经抗体处理的立克次体被豚鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬并破坏，而经正常血清处理的立克次体则复制并最终破坏吞噬细胞。
