Dagnaw Mequanente, Merawie Destaw Marie, Yirsa Tsedalu, Gobezie Melese
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Dec 8;25(1):1699. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-12059-y.
Blood transfusion is a life-saving intervention performed worldwide; however, it remains a significant public health concern due to the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Globally, millions are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Treponema pallidum (syphilis) through unsafe blood transfusion practices. In resource-limited settings like Ethiopia, ensuring blood safety is especially challenging due to inadequate screening and surveillance systems. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis among voluntary blood donors in the North Gondar District Blood Bank, Northwest Ethiopia.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 265 voluntary blood donors at the North Gondar District Blood Bank, collected between February 15, 2021, and May 24, 2022. Data were retrieved from the blood bank records between June 1 and June 15, 2022. Donor sociodemographic characteristics and transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) screening results were extracted from these records. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate prevalence. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 in Bivariable analysis were included in a multivariable logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of TTIs. Multicollinearity was assessed using the variance inflation factor (VIF), and model fitness was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The study covered 265 blood donors in the Gondar blood bank district between February 15, 2021, and May 24, 2022. The total sero-prevalence of HIV, HCV, HBV and syphilis during the follow-up period was 2.26%, 2.64%, 4.53%, and 7.17%, respectively. Age groups of 26-35 for blood donors screening for HCV (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1, 3.29), Male donors (AOR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.10, 6.52), age groups of 26-35 for screening for HBV (AOR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.00, 1.24), age groups greater than 45 for screening for Treponema pallidum (AOR = 8.6, 95% CI 7.44, 10.02), and divorced marital status (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.64, 6.94) were significantly associated with the prevalence of Sero-prevalence trans-fusion transmissible infections occurrence.
This study found that the overall sero-prevalence of TTIs among blood donors in North Gondar was notable, with HCV (4.53%) and syphilis (7.17%) being the most prevalent. Statistically significant associations were observed between HCV and the 26-35 age group, syphilis and donors aged above 45, HBV and the 26-35 age group, male gender with TTIs, and divorced marital status with syphilis. These findings underscore the need for more targeted donor screening strategies focusing on these high-risk groups to enhance transfusion safety. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these associations and explore additional risk factors.
was not applicable in the study.
输血是一项在全球范围内实施的挽救生命的干预措施；然而，由于输血传播感染（TTIs）的风险，它仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在全球范围内，数百万人因不安全的输血行为感染了乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒螺旋体（梅毒）。在埃塞俄比亚这样资源有限的地区，由于筛查和监测系统不完善，确保血液安全尤其具有挑战性。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部北贡德尔地区血库自愿献血者中HBV、HCV、HIV和梅毒的流行率及相关危险因素。
采用回顾性横断面研究，使用2021年2月15日至2022年5月24日期间在北贡德尔地区血库采集的265名自愿献血者的数据。数据于2022年6月1日至6月15日从血库记录中检索。从这些记录中提取献血者的社会人口统计学特征和输血传播感染（TTI）筛查结果。使用描述性统计来估计流行率。在双变量分析中p值<0.25的变量纳入多变量逻辑回归模型，以确定TTIs的独立预测因素。使用方差膨胀因子（VIF）评估多重共线性，并使用Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验评估模型拟合度。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
该研究涵盖了2021年2月15日至2022年5月24日期间贡德尔血库地区的265名献血者。随访期间HIV、HCV、HBV和梅毒的总血清流行率分别为2.26%、2.64%、4.53%和7.17%。筛查HCV的26-35岁年龄组献血者（比值比[AOR]=2.1，95%置信区间[CI]1.1，3.29）、男性献血者（AOR=1.2，95%CI 1.10，6.52）、筛查HBV的26-35岁年龄组（AOR=1.1，95%CI 1.00，1.24）、筛查梅毒螺旋体的45岁以上年龄组（AOR=8.6，95%CI 7.44，10.02）以及离婚婚姻状况（AOR=2.1，95%CI 1.64，6.94）与血清流行率输血传播感染的发生显著相关。
本研究发现，北贡德尔献血者中TTIs的总体血清流行率显著，其中HCV（4.53%）和梅毒（7.17%）最为普遍。观察到HCV与26-35岁年龄组、梅毒与45岁以上献血者、HBV与26-35岁年龄组、男性性别与TTIs以及离婚婚姻状况与梅毒之间存在统计学显著关联。这些发现强调需要针对这些高危人群采取更有针对性的献血者筛查策略，以提高输血安全性。建议进行更大样本量的进一步研究，以验证这些关联并探索其他危险因素。
本研究不适用。
