在亚历山大港进行的A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗的第二项对照现场试验。
A second controlled field trial of a serogroup A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in Alexandria.
作者信息
Wahdan M H, Sallam S A, Hassan M N, Abdel Gawad A, Rakha A S, Sippel J E, Hablas R, Sanborn W R, Kassem N M, Riad S M, Cvjetanović B
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 1977;55(6):645-51.
The encouraging results of an earlier controlled field trial of the serogroup A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the prevention of clinical disease prompted this study, the aim of which was to evaluate further the effectiveness of another lot of this type of vaccine, the duration of immunity, and the effectiveness against meningococcal carriage. A controlled field trial was carried out in early 1973 on 176 646 schoolchildren 6-15 years of age, of whom half received the serogroup A polysaccharide vaccine and the other half tetanus toxoid as a control. The incidence of cerebrospinal meningitis caused by serogroup A meningococci was 89% lower in the immunized group than in the controls for one year only. With regard to its effect on carriage, the vaccine was found to reduce to less than half the rate of new acquisition of serogroup A meningococci during the period immediately following immunization. The duration of the carrier state was also shortened in the immunized group.
A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗早期对照现场试验在预防临床疾病方面取得的令人鼓舞的结果促使开展了本研究，其目的是进一步评估另一批此类疫苗的有效性、免疫持续时间以及对脑膜炎球菌带菌状态的有效性。1973年初对176646名6至15岁学童进行了一项对照现场试验，其中一半儿童接种A群多糖疫苗，另一半接种破伤风类毒素作为对照。由A群脑膜炎球菌引起的脑脊髓膜炎发病率在免疫组中仅在一年时间里比对照组低89%。关于其对带菌状态的影响，发现该疫苗在免疫后立即接种的时期内将A群脑膜炎球菌新感染率降低到不到一半。免疫组中带菌状态的持续时间也缩短了。
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