Hamilton-Miller J M
J Clin Pathol. 1974 Oct;27(10):828-31. doi: 10.1136/jcp.27.10.828.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations have been determined for ampicillin and seven cephalosporins against 93 strains of group D streptococci isolated recently from clinical material. Ampicillin was much the most active compound (modal MIC = 1.6 mug/ml); cephaloridine, cephacetrile, and cefazolin had a modal MIC of 25 mug/ml, while corresponding figures for cephalothin, cephradine, cephalexin, and cefoxitin were 50, 100, 200, and 800 mug/ml, respectively. Thus, none of the newer cephalosporins is an improvement in respect to activity against enterococci over existing compounds, and ampicillin remains overwhelmingly the beta-lactam antibiotic of choice for the treatment of infections by such organisms. Pharmacokinetic considerations, however, indicate that certain cephalosporins, for instance, cephaloridine, cefazolin, and cephanone, may be worthy of further study in view of possible synergy with aminoglycoside antibiotics.
已测定氨苄西林和七种头孢菌素对最近从临床材料中分离出的93株D组链球菌的最低抑菌浓度。氨苄西林是活性最强的化合物（最低抑菌浓度中位数=1.6μg/ml）；头孢噻啶、头孢乙腈和头孢唑林的最低抑菌浓度中位数为25μg/ml，而头孢噻吩、头孢拉定、头孢氨苄和头孢西丁的相应数值分别为50、100、200和800μg/ml。因此，就对肠球菌的活性而言，新型头孢菌素均未比现有化合物有所改进，氨苄西林仍然是治疗此类微生物感染的压倒性首选β-内酰胺抗生素。然而，药代动力学考虑表明，鉴于某些头孢菌素（如头孢噻啶、头孢唑林和头孢酮）可能与氨基糖苷类抗生素具有协同作用，或许值得进一步研究。
