Finegold S M, Harada N E, Miller L G
J Bacteriol. 1967 Nov;94(5):1443-50. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.5.1443-1450.1967.
Patterns of susceptibility of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli to antibiotics have been found to be distinctive and of significant help in classification and identification. Five major groups of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli have been defined on the basis of morphological and biochemical criteria. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns conform to these groupings and provide additional taxonomic criteria. The Bacteroides fragilis group is resistant to penicillin G, whereas the other groups are generally sensitive. B. fragilis strains are relatively sensitive to erythromycin, whereas the Sphaerophorus necrophorus group is resistant. B. melaninogenicus strains, B. oralis, and Fusobacterium are all more sensitive to kanamycin and neomycin than the other two groups. Kanamycin is more active against Fusobacterium strains than neomycin, but less active against all other groups. Colistin or polymyxin B is useful for distinguishing between the resistant B. fragilis and the sensitive S. necrophorus. Antibiotic susceptibility determinations may be more readily performed in clinical laboratories than certain biochemical tests recommended for differentiation of the gram-negative anaerobic bacilli and may serve as helpful adjuncts to morphological and biochemical observations in classifying and characterizing these organisms. The use of standardized procedures for antibiotic susceptibility tests is essential if comparable results are to be obtained in different laboratories.
革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌对抗生素的敏感性模式已被发现具有独特性，对分类和鉴定有重要帮助。基于形态学和生化标准，已定义了革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌的五个主要类别。抗生素敏感性模式符合这些分类，并提供了额外的分类标准。脆弱拟杆菌群对青霉素G耐药，而其他菌群通常敏感。脆弱拟杆菌菌株对红霉素相对敏感，而坏死梭杆菌群耐药。产黑色素拟杆菌菌株、口腔拟杆菌和梭杆菌对卡那霉素和新霉素的敏感性均高于其他两组。卡那霉素对梭杆菌菌株的活性高于新霉素，但对所有其他菌群的活性较低。黏菌素或多黏菌素B有助于区分耐药的脆弱拟杆菌和敏感的坏死梭杆菌。在临床实验室中，抗生素敏感性测定可能比推荐用于区分革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌的某些生化试验更容易进行，并且在对这些微生物进行分类和特征描述时，可作为形态学和生化观察的有益辅助手段。如果要在不同实验室获得可比结果，使用标准化的抗生素敏感性试验程序至关重要。
