Diamantstein T, Odenwald M V
Immunology. 1974 Oct;27(4):531-41.
The effects of Ca on primary and secondary immune responses to SRBC was investigated using the Marbrook technique. During the primary immune response three periods could be distinguished: first, a Ca-independent lag period (0–24 hours after antigenic stimulation); second, a period with an absolute requirement for Ca (24–36 hours after antigenic stimulation), which is related to a proliferative phase of antigenically stimulated cells; and third, a period (later than 48 hours and up to 72 hours after antigenic stimulation), which is inhibited by Ca and which can be enhanced by removing Ca from the medium. This third period is related to the differentiation step(s) leading to antibody-forming cells. During the secondary immune response only a partial inhibition of immune response was observed after removing Ca from the medium at the time of antigenic stimulation. Addition of Ca to EGTA-containing culture medium at any time relative to the initiation of the secondary immune response enhanced the response, but, in contrast to its effects on a primary immune response, never completely restored it. Removal of Ca later than 6 hours after initiation of the response resulted in a decreased inhibition of the immune response and in an increased switch from 19S to 7S antibody-forming cells. This differentiation step was enhanced by removing Ca from the medium and was inhibited by Ca added to the medium. The results suggest that Ca controls the mechanisms involved in the antibody formation by an antagonistic action on cell proliferation and cell differentiation.
采用马尔布鲁克技术研究了钙对绵羊红细胞初次和二次免疫反应的影响。在初次免疫反应过程中，可以区分出三个阶段：第一，一个不依赖钙的延迟期（抗原刺激后0 - 24小时）；第二，一个对钙有绝对需求的阶段（抗原刺激后24 - 36小时），这与抗原刺激细胞的增殖阶段有关；第三，一个阶段（抗原刺激后48小时以后直至72小时），该阶段受钙抑制，并且通过从培养基中去除钙可增强。这第三个阶段与导致抗体形成细胞的分化步骤有关。在二次免疫反应期间，在抗原刺激时从培养基中去除钙后，仅观察到免疫反应的部分抑制。相对于二次免疫反应开始的任何时间，向含乙二醇双乙醚二胺四乙酸（EGTA）的培养基中添加钙均可增强反应，但与它对初次免疫反应的影响相反，从未完全恢复反应。在反应开始后6小时以后去除钙导致免疫反应的抑制减弱，并且从19S抗体形成细胞向7S抗体形成细胞的转换增加。通过从培养基中去除钙可增强这一分化步骤，而向培养基中添加钙则抑制这一步骤。结果表明，钙通过对细胞增殖和细胞分化的拮抗作用来控制抗体形成所涉及的机制。
