Debas H T, Yamagishi T
Ann Surg. 1979 Aug;190(2):170-5. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197908000-00008.
We studied the effect of graded antral distension on gallbladder contraction both when gastrin release was promoted (alkaline distension) and when gastrin release was blocked (acid distension) in five dogs provided with innervated antral pouch, chronic bile fistula and gastric fistula. Graded distension of the antrum caused graded gallbladder contraction as evidenced by bilirubin output even when gastrin release was completely suppressed. This nongastrin mechanism of gallbladder contraction is abolished by parenteral atropine and by transthoracic truncal vagotomy. These observations provide evidence for a cholinergic, pyloro-cholecystic reflex for gallbladder contraction that is dependent on intact long vagal pathways. Similar reflex mechanisms have been shown to be initiated by antral distension and to cause pancreatic enzyme secretion (pyloro-pancreatic reflex) or acid secretion from the oxyntic gland area of the stomach (pyloro-oxyntic reflex). It would appear, therefore, that the antrum plays a central role in the integration of upper gastrointestinal function not only through the hormone gastrin but also through neural reflex mechanisms.
我们在五只具有神经支配的胃窦袋、慢性胆瘘和胃瘘的狗身上，研究了在促胃液素释放增加时（碱性扩张）和促胃液素释放受阻时（酸性扩张），分级胃窦扩张对胆囊收缩的影响。胃窦的分级扩张导致分级胆囊收缩，这可通过胆红素输出量得到证明，即使促胃液素释放被完全抑制时也是如此。胆囊收缩的这种非促胃液素机制可被静脉注射阿托品和经胸段迷走神经干切断术消除。这些观察结果为胆囊收缩的胆碱能性幽门 - 胆囊反射提供了证据，该反射依赖于完整的迷走神经长通路。类似的反射机制已被证明可由胃窦扩张引发，并导致胰腺酶分泌（幽门 - 胰腺反射）或胃壁细胞腺区的胃酸分泌（幽门 - 壁细胞反射）。因此，似乎胃窦不仅通过促胃液素激素，还通过神经反射机制，在上消化道功能整合中发挥核心作用。
