Clements P J, Kadell B, Ippoliti A, Ross M
Dig Dis Sci. 1979 Aug;24(8):639-44. doi: 10.1007/BF01333709.
The evaluation of structural and functional abnormalities of the esophagus by manometry (using perfused tubes) and cine-radiography were compared in 25 subjects with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Motility by both procedures was definitely abnormal in 19 subjects and normal in 3. The remaining 3 subjects had abnormal motility on manometry, coupled with cine-esophagrams interpreted as normal. Many structural abnormalities not demonstrated by manometry were identified by cine-radiography. Therefore, the initial diagnostic examination of motility in PSS should be the cine-esophagram.
