Aaronson R P, Blobel G
J Cell Biol. 1974 Sep;62(3):746-54. doi: 10.1083/jcb.62.3.746.
Electron microscope examination of isolated rat liver nuclei after treatment with the detergent Triton X-100 revealed the complete removal of both the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope. The envelope-denuded nuclei did not show any change in either shape or internal ultrastructure. Most strikingly, the nuclear pore complexes, which in untreated nuclei appear to be integral components of the nuclear envelope, were retained in their characteristic location at the distal ends of the channels leading through the peripheral heterochromatin. Determination of the chemical composition of detergent-treated nuclei showed that over 95% of the nuclear phospholipid was solubilized, thus corroborating the morphological absence of nuclear membranes. Furthermore, detergent treatment also solubilized approximately 10% of the nuclear protein. Analysis of the solubilized protein by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS indicated that these proteins belong to a few specific classes which presumably represent the major polypeptides of the nuclear membranes. The total absence of the nuclear envelope on both morphological and biochemical grounds supports the idea that the nuclear pore complex does not require the membranes either for attachment to the nucleus or for maintenance of its own structural integrity.
用去污剂曲拉通X-100处理分离的大鼠肝细胞核后进行电子显微镜检查，结果显示核膜的内膜和外膜均被完全去除。无包膜的细胞核在形状或内部超微结构上均未显示出任何变化。最引人注目的是，核孔复合体在未处理的细胞核中似乎是核膜的组成部分，它保留在穿过周边异染色质的通道远端的特征性位置。对经去污剂处理的细胞核的化学成分分析表明，超过95%的核磷脂被溶解，从而证实了核膜在形态上的缺失。此外，去污剂处理还溶解了约10%的核蛋白。在SDS存在下通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对溶解的蛋白质进行分析表明，这些蛋白质属于少数特定类别，大概代表核膜的主要多肽。从形态学和生物化学角度来看，核膜的完全缺失支持了这样一种观点，即核孔复合体无论是附着于细胞核还是维持自身结构完整性都不需要膜。
