Frey J R, de Weck A L, Geleick H, Lergier W
J Exp Med. 1969 Nov 1;130(5):1123-43. doi: 10.1084/jem.130.5.1123.
Numerous dinitrophenyl amino acid preparations injected intradermally induced contact hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene, delayed type skin reactions to DNP-amino acids, and anti-DNP antibodies in guinea pigs. Some DNP-amino adds induced precipitating anti-DNP antibodies in rabbits as well. Some of the DNP-ammo acids studied were regularly immunogenic, possible immunogenic impurities having been excluded by extensive purification procedures. Others were either constantly nonimmunogenic or irregularly immunogenic, e.g., their immunogenicity varying from one preparation lot to another. By means of extensive chemical analyses and the establishment of dose-response curves, we were able to demonstrate in most cases that the immunogenicity was not due to contamination with unreacted dinitrofluorobenzene or other DNP derivatives, to photodecomposition or other degradation products, or to DNP-protein contaminants. Nevertheless, the irregular immunogenicity of several DNP-amino acid preparations can only be explained by a highly immunogenic impurity (or impurities) which we were unable to detect analytically. The regular immunogenicity of some other DNP-amino acids (e.g. di-DNP-L-histidine) appears to be based on a "transconjugation" phenomenon, the DNP group being able to split off from its amino acid carrier and to conjugate secondarily with proteins in vivo and in vitro. Accordingly, the interpretation of some recent data concerning the immunogenicity of low molecular weight hapten-amino acids may have to be reevaluated.
皮内注射多种二硝基苯基氨基酸制剂可在豚鼠中诱导对二硝基氯苯的接触性超敏反应、对二硝基苯基氨基酸的迟发型皮肤反应以及抗二硝基苯基抗体。一些二硝基苯基氨基酸也能在兔中诱导沉淀性抗二硝基苯基抗体。所研究的一些二硝基苯基氨基酸具有恒定的免疫原性，通过广泛的纯化程序已排除了可能具有免疫原性的杂质。其他的则要么一直无免疫原性，要么免疫原性不规则，例如，其免疫原性因制剂批次不同而有所变化。通过广泛的化学分析和剂量反应曲线的建立，我们在大多数情况下能够证明免疫原性并非由于未反应的二硝基氟苯或其他二硝基苯基衍生物的污染、光分解或其他降解产物，也不是由于二硝基苯基 - 蛋白质污染物。然而，几种二硝基苯基氨基酸制剂的不规则免疫原性只能用一种我们无法通过分析检测到的高免疫原性杂质来解释。其他一些二硝基苯基氨基酸（如二 - 二硝基苯基 -L- 组氨酸）的恒定免疫原性似乎基于一种“转共轭”现象，二硝基苯基基团能够从其氨基酸载体上脱离，并在体内和体外与蛋白质二次结合。因此，可能必须重新评估一些关于低分子量半抗原 - 氨基酸免疫原性的最新数据的解释。
