Oman K, Hejdová E, Polánsky F, Stĕrbová E, Guld J
Bull World Health Organ. 1968;39(5):801-8.
Adsorption of highly diluted tuberculin to the inner surface of containers is particularly pronounced for acid-precipitated PPD, and certain such preparations are routinely issued with the non-ionic detergent Tween 80 as a stabilizing agent. It has been shown, however, that Tween 80, besides its anti-adsorptive effect, also has a depressive in vivo effect, especially on tuberculin reactions that would have been weak even for a test without Tween. The authors have shown in a previous report that gelatin (0.1%) also has an anti-adsorptive effect, without apparently modifying the reaction in vivo.In the present report, the effect of gelatin on tuberculins other than acid-precipitated PPD is examined, and the loss due to surface activity in the container is found to be considerably less, though still significant, for instance, for the International Standard of PPD of Mammalian Tuberculin. The loss is particularly pronounced, and the stabilizing effect of gelatin is particularly striking, for ampoules only partly filled (i.e., with an inner surface that is large in relation to the volume of the content).It is suggested that gelatin, or some similar substance with little or no in vivo action, might be used more readily, and for more kinds of tuberculin, than Tween 80, provided that further critical studies do not reveal any so far unknown factor.
高度稀释的结核菌素吸附于容器内表面的现象，对于酸沉淀纯蛋白衍生物（PPD）而言尤为明显，某些此类制剂通常会添加非离子型去污剂吐温80作为稳定剂。然而，业已表明，吐温80除了具有抗吸附作用外，在体内也有抑制作用，尤其是对结核菌素反应的抑制作用，即使在未添加吐温的试验中反应较弱的情况下也是如此。作者在先前的一份报告中表明，明胶（0.1%）也具有抗吸附作用，且显然不会改变体内反应。在本报告中，研究了明胶对除酸沉淀PPD以外的其他结核菌素的影响，结果发现，对于例如哺乳动物结核菌素PPD国际标准品而言，容器表面活性导致的损失虽仍很显著，但要小得多。对于部分填充的安瓿（即内表面与内容物体积相比很大的安瓿），损失尤为明显，明胶的稳定作用也尤为显著。有人提出，如果进一步的严格研究未揭示任何迄今未知的因素，那么明胶或某些体内作用很小或无体内作用的类似物质，可能比吐温80更易于使用，且可用于更多种类的结核菌素。
