Hayreh S S
Int Ophthalmol. 1978 Sep;1(1):9-18. doi: 10.1007/BF00133273.
Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), based on vascular anatomy of the optic nerve, pathogenesis and clinical picture, consists of two distinct entities: anterior (AION) and posterior (PION) ischemic optic neuropathies. AION is due to interference with posterior ciliary artery supply to the optic nerve head and retrolaminar part of the optic nerve; it initially presents with visual loss and optic disc edema which progresses to optic atrophy in a month or two. PION is due to occlusion of nutrient arteries to the posterior part of the optic nerve; in this condition during the initial stages the optic disc is normal in spite of marked visual loss, but the atrophy develops later on. Their pathogeneses, causes, clinical pictures, diagnosis and management are discussed briefly.
基于视神经的血管解剖、发病机制和临床表现，缺血性视神经病变（ION）可分为两种不同类型：前部缺血性视神经病变（AION）和后部缺血性视神经病变（PION）。AION是由于睫状后动脉对视神经乳头及视神经管后段的供血受到干扰所致；其最初表现为视力丧失和视盘水肿，一两个月后进展为视神经萎缩。PION是由于视神经后部的营养动脉阻塞所致；在此情况下，尽管视力明显丧失，但在疾病初期视盘正常，不过随后会出现萎缩。本文将对它们的发病机制、病因、临床表现、诊断及治疗进行简要讨论。
