Bouck G B
J Cell Biol. 1965 Aug;26(2):523-37. doi: 10.1083/jcb.26.2.523.
The structural interrelationships among several membrane systems in the cells of brown algae have been examined by electron microscopy. In the brown algae the chloroplasts are surrounded by two envelopes, the outer of which in some cases is continuous with the nuclear envelope. The pyrenoid, when present, protrudes from the chloroplast, is also surrounded by the two chloroplast envelopes, and, in addition, is capped by a third dilated envelope or "pyrenoid sac." The regular apposition of the membranes around the pyrenoid contrasts with their looser appearance over the remainder of the chloroplast. The Golgi apparatus is closely associated with the nuclear envelope in all brown algae examined, but in the Fucales this association may extend to portions of the cytoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum as well. Evidence is presented for the derivation of vesicles, characteristic of those found in the formative region of the Golgi apparatus, from portions of the underlying nuclear envelope. The possibility that a structural channeling system for carbohydrate reserves and secretory precursors may be present in brown algae is considered. Other features of the brown algal cell, such as crystal-containing bodies, the variety of darkly staining vacuoles, centrioles, and mitochondria, are examined briefly, and compared with similar structures in other plant cells.
通过电子显微镜对褐藻细胞中几种膜系统之间的结构相互关系进行了研究。在褐藻中，叶绿体被两层膜包围，在某些情况下，外层膜与核膜相连。类囊体（如有）从叶绿体突出，也被叶绿体的两层膜包围，此外，还被第三层扩张的膜或“类囊体囊”覆盖。类囊体周围膜的规则并列与叶绿体其余部分膜较松散的外观形成对比。在所研究的所有褐藻中，高尔基体都与核膜紧密相连，但在墨角藻目中，这种联系可能还会延伸到细胞质内质网的部分区域。有证据表明，高尔基体形成区域中典型的小泡是从下方核膜的部分衍生而来的。文中还探讨了褐藻中可能存在用于碳水化合物储备和分泌前体的结构通道系统的可能性。对褐藻细胞的其他特征，如含晶体的小体、各种深色染色的液泡、中心粒和线粒体进行了简要研究，并与其他植物细胞中的类似结构进行了比较。
