Torg J S, Truex R C, Marshall J, Hodgson V R, Quedenfeld T C, Spealman A D, Nichols C E
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977 Dec;59(8):1015-9.
Acute traumatic lesions of the spine at the third and fourth cervical levels without associated fracture are not common. The eight lesions in this report occurred as a result of injuries sustained during tackle football. They included acute intervertebral disc herniation, anterior subluxation of the third cervical vertebra on the fourth, unilateral dislocation of the joint between the articular processes, and bilateral dislocation of the joints between the articular processes. The mechanism of injury was the use of the top or crown of the helmet as the primary point of contact in a high-impact collision when blocking, tackling, or head-butting. To avoid a seemingly inevitable increase in the incidence of these lesions occurring from tackle football, coaches and officials will have to modify the current techniques of blocking tackling, and head-butting.
颈椎第三和第四水平的急性创伤性损伤且无相关骨折并不常见。本报告中的八例损伤是在擒抱式橄榄球运动中受伤所致。损伤包括急性椎间盘突出、第三颈椎向前滑脱至第四颈椎、关节突关节单侧脱位以及关节突关节双侧脱位。损伤机制是在阻挡、擒抱或用头顶撞时，在高冲击力碰撞中以头盔顶部或帽檐作为主要接触点。为避免擒抱式橄榄球运动中这些损伤的发生率看似不可避免地增加，教练和官员将不得不改进当前的阻挡、擒抱和用头顶撞技术。
