Assael B M, Gianni V, Marini A, Peneff P, Sereni F
Arch Dis Child. 1977 Nov;52(11):883-6. doi: 10.1136/adc.52.11.883.
Pre-dose and peak serum levels of gentamicin were measured in 82 neonates (25-42 weeks' gestational age), and for comparison in 10 infants and 9 children. Dosage was 2-2.5 mg/kg twice daily for the neonates, and three times daily for infants and children. Neonates were subdivided according to gestational age and weight. Serum levels of gentamicin were very variable in all groups. Preterm neonates of low gestational age (25-30 weeks) showed a 66% incidence of pre-dose levels exceeding 1 microgram/ml, indicating possible accumulation. In the less premature neonates this incidence was still 20-29%. The level of 4 microgram/ml, the minimum concentration required to inhibit most of the bacteria sensitive to gentamicin, was reached in increasing numbers of neonates as their gestational age rose (from 30% in the 31- to 35-week gestational age group, to 60% at term); those small-for-gestational age had consistently lower levels. It is concluded that term neonates require dosage to be individualized and serum levels of the drug to be monitored.
对82例新生儿（胎龄25 - 42周）测定了庆大霉素给药前及血药峰值水平，并与10例婴儿和9例儿童进行比较。新生儿的剂量为每日2次，每次2 - 2.5mg/kg；婴儿和儿童为每日3次。新生儿根据胎龄和体重进行细分。所有组中庆大霉素的血药水平差异很大。低胎龄（25 - 30周）的早产儿给药前血药水平超过1微克/毫升的发生率为66%，提示可能存在蓄积。胎龄稍大的新生儿这一发生率仍为20% - 29%。随着胎龄增加，越来越多的新生儿达到抑制大多数对庆大霉素敏感细菌所需的最低浓度4微克/毫升（从胎龄31 - 35周组的30%增至足月时的60%）；小于胎龄儿的血药水平一直较低。结论是足月新生儿需要个体化给药并监测血药水平。
