Donaldson S R, Gelenberg A J, Baldessarini R J
Schizophr Bull. 1983;9(4):504-27. doi: 10.1093/schbul/9.4.504.
Pharmacologic agents currently used or being studied for the treatment of schizophrenia are reviewed. Neuroleptic medications are still the mainstay of treatment, but recent studies suggest new approaches to dosage and to the treatment of acute psychosis. Lithium is beneficial in psychotic illnesses with acute onset and a remitting course, regardless of the acute psychotic symptoms. Antidepressant agents may ameliorate depression in psychotic patients, but do not improve psychotic symptoms or social withdrawal. Propranolol's reported antipsychotic action has not been confirmed by controlled studies, but the drug may have a role in treating organic psychoses. The benzodiazepines, clonidine, and carbamazepine all merit more investigation as possible treatments for psychosis. The implications of differential treatment response among schizophrenic patients are discussed.
本文综述了目前用于治疗精神分裂症或正在研究中的药物制剂。抗精神病药物仍然是治疗的主要手段，但最近的研究提出了剂量及急性精神病治疗的新方法。锂盐对急性起病且病程呈缓解型的精神病性疾病有益，无论有无急性精神病性症状。抗抑郁药可改善精神病患者的抑郁症状，但不能改善精神病性症状或社交退缩。普萘洛尔的抗精神病作用尚未得到对照研究的证实，但该药可能在治疗器质性精神病方面有一定作用。苯二氮䓬类药物、可乐定和卡马西平作为精神病可能的治疗药物均值得进一步研究。文中还讨论了精神分裂症患者不同治疗反应的意义。
