Richardson M, Ihnatowycz I, Moore S
Lab Invest. 1980 Dec;43(6):509-16.
The glycosaminoglycan (GAG), content of rabbit aortic wall was assayed morphometrically using ruthenium red-stained sections viewed by transmission electron microscopy. Two types of ruthenium red-positive granules were identified in the intercellular matrix. Large granules (20 to 50 nm. in diameter) with interconnecting fibrils were removed by digestion of the tissue with testicular hyaluronidase or chondroitinase ABC. Smaller granules (20 nm). were localized mainly in endothelial basement membrane and were resistant to digestion by these enzymes. Both types of granules were removed from the tissue by the action of nitrous acid. At intervals of 11 to 17 weeks after a single balloon deendothelialization of the aortas of normolipemic rabbits, there were significantly more granules of both types in areas where endothelium had regenerated over the neointima than in areas not covered by endothelium. Lipid also accumulated preferentially in the endothelium-covered neointima. Compared to normal aortas, there is an increase in the large granule content in the reendothelialized areas and a decrease in both large and small granule content in the nonendothelialized areas. It is suggested that GAG may trap low density lipoproteins. The low GAG content of the nonendothelialized neointima may account for the low lipid content; additionally, the lack of endothelial cover may allow diffusion of GAG out of these areas carrying low density lipoprotein into the blood stream in the form of GAG-low density lipoprotein complexes or low density lipoprotein removal may be facilitated by high density lipoprotein.
采用透射电子显微镜观察钌红染色切片，对兔主动脉壁的糖胺聚糖（GAG）含量进行形态计量分析。在细胞间基质中鉴定出两种钌红阳性颗粒。直径为20至50纳米、带有相互连接纤维的大颗粒，可通过用睾丸透明质酸酶或软骨素酶ABC消化组织将其去除。较小的颗粒（20纳米）主要定位于内皮基底膜，且对这些酶的消化具有抗性。通过亚硝酸的作用可将两种类型的颗粒从组织中去除。在正常血脂兔主动脉单次球囊去内皮术后11至17周的间隔时间内，在内膜新生内膜上内皮再生区域的两种颗粒数量明显多于未被内皮覆盖的区域。脂质也优先积聚在内皮覆盖的新生内膜中。与正常主动脉相比，再内皮化区域的大颗粒含量增加，未内皮化区域的大颗粒和小颗粒含量均减少。提示GAG可能捕获低密度脂蛋白。未内皮化新生内膜的GAG含量低可能是脂质含量低的原因；此外，缺乏内皮覆盖可能使GAG从这些区域扩散出来，携带低密度脂蛋白以GAG - 低密度脂蛋白复合物的形式进入血流，或者高密度脂蛋白可能促进低密度脂蛋白的清除。
