Lundblad L, Anggård A, Lundberg J M
Acta Physiol Scand. 1983 Sep;119(1):7-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1983.tb07299.x.
High threshold stimulation of the trigeminal nerve in sympathectomized cats caused an atropine and hexamethonium resistant vasodilation in the nasal mucosa. Stimulation of efferent parasympathetic neurons to the nose caused a partially atropine sensitive vasodilation which was abolished by hexamethonium. Combined trigeminal and parasympathetic nerve stimulation did not reveal any obvious functional interactions between these two systems. Local intra-arterial infusions of substance P, VIP and acetylcholine caused a dose dependent vasodilation in the nasal mucosa. The relative vasodilatory potencies were substance P greater than to VIP greater than acetylcholine. Local infusions of capsaicin, known to release substance P from nerve endings, caused a marked longlasting biphasic vasodilation which was atropine and hexamethonium resistant. In conclusion, the present findings illustrate the presence of two vasodilator mechanisms of different nervous origin in the nasal mucosa. The trigeminal response is probably mediated via release of substance P, while the parasympathetic effect seems to be caused by acetylcholine and VIP.
在去交感神经的猫中，对三叉神经进行高阈值刺激会导致鼻黏膜出现对阿托品和六甲铵有抗性的血管舒张。刺激支配鼻子的传出副交感神经元会引起部分对阿托品敏感的血管舒张，而六甲铵可消除这种舒张。联合刺激三叉神经和副交感神经并未揭示这两个系统之间存在任何明显的功能相互作用。局部动脉内注入P物质、血管活性肠肽和乙酰胆碱会导致鼻黏膜出现剂量依赖性血管舒张。相对血管舒张效力为P物质大于血管活性肠肽大于乙酰胆碱。局部注入辣椒素（已知其可从神经末梢释放P物质）会引起显著的、持久的双相血管舒张，这种舒张对阿托品和六甲铵具有抗性。总之，目前的研究结果表明鼻黏膜中存在两种不同神经起源的血管舒张机制。三叉神经反应可能是通过P物质的释放介导的，而副交感神经效应似乎是由乙酰胆碱和血管活性肠肽引起的。
