Lundberg J M, Lundblad L, Saria A, Anggård A
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1984 Jun;326(2):181-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00517317.
The effect of cigarette smoke on vascular permeability in the rat nasal mucosa was studied using the Evans blue extravasation method. Exposure to smoke from cigarettes induced a significant extravasation of Evans blue in the nasal mucosa of normal rats, suggesting an increased vascular permeability to plasma proteins. The oedema response was correlated to tar, nicotine and vapour phase components in the smoke. The smoke-induced permeability effect was abolished in rats pretreated neonatally with capsaicin. Also, systemic or local pretreatment with [D-Arg, D-Pro, D-Trp, Leu]Substance P, a substance P antagonist, inhibited the permeability response to cigarette smoke. Insertion of a glass-fibre filter, which removes the particulate phase of the smoke (including nicotine), did not significantly reduce the permeability response. The present findings suggest that the smoke-induced oedema in the rat nasal mucosa is not caused by nicotine but by vapour-phase irritants, which activate capsaicin-sensitive C-fibre afferents. These neurons then release agents such as substance P or a related tachykinin which increase permeability to plasma proteins.
采用伊文思蓝外渗法研究了香烟烟雾对大鼠鼻黏膜血管通透性的影响。暴露于香烟烟雾中会导致正常大鼠鼻黏膜出现显著的伊文思蓝外渗，这表明血浆蛋白的血管通透性增加。水肿反应与烟雾中的焦油、尼古丁和气相成分相关。在新生期用辣椒素预处理的大鼠中，烟雾诱导的通透性效应被消除。此外，用P物质拮抗剂[D-精氨酸、D-脯氨酸、D-色氨酸、亮氨酸]P物质进行全身或局部预处理，可抑制对香烟烟雾的通透性反应。插入去除烟雾颗粒相（包括尼古丁）的玻璃纤维滤器，并没有显著降低通透性反应。目前的研究结果表明，大鼠鼻黏膜中烟雾诱导的水肿不是由尼古丁引起的，而是由气相刺激物引起的，这些刺激物激活了对辣椒素敏感的C纤维传入神经。然后这些神经元释放诸如P物质或相关速激肽等物质，从而增加对血浆蛋白的通透性。
