Grunditz T, Uddman R, Sundler F
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Anat Embryol (Berl). 1994 Apr;189(4):327-37. doi: 10.1007/BF00190589.
Injection of the retrograde neuronal tracer True blue into the anterior-lateral part of the nasal mucosa of rats labeled nerve cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion, the sphenopalatine ganglion, the otic ganglion and the trigeminal ganglion on the ipsilateral side. In the superior cervical ganglion, the sphenopalatine ganglion and the trigeminal ganglion on the contralateral side, very few nerve cell bodies were labeled, indicating that these ganglia provide minor contributions only. The number of labeled cell bodies indicates that the superior cervical ganglion, the sphenopalatine ganglion and the trigeminal ganglion contribute most to the innervation of the nose, while the contribution from the otic ganglion is minor. Cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion harbored noradrenaline (NA) or NA/neuropeptide Y (NPY); in the sphenopalatine ganglion vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or VIP/NPY; in the otic ganglion VIP, VIP/NPY or VIP/substance P (SP) and in the trigeminal ganglion calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or CGRP/SP. The results from denervations and tracer experiments suggest that all NA-containing and the majority of NPY-containing fibers in the nasal mucosa are derived from the superior cervical ganglion (sympathetic nerve supply). VIP- and VIP/NPY-containing fibers originate from the sphenopalatine and optic ganglia (parasympathetic nerve supply). Nerve fibers containing CGRP and CGRP/SP emanate from the trigeminal ganglion (sensory nerve supply).
将逆行神经元示踪剂真蓝注射到大鼠鼻粘膜前外侧部分，标记了同侧颈上神经节、蝶腭神经节、耳神经节和三叉神经节中的神经细胞体。在对侧的颈上神经节、蝶腭神经节和三叉神经节中，只有极少数神经细胞体被标记，这表明这些神经节的贡献很小。标记细胞体的数量表明，颈上神经节、蝶腭神经节和三叉神经节对鼻的神经支配贡献最大，而耳神经节的贡献较小。颈上神经节中的细胞体含有去甲肾上腺素（NA）或NA/神经肽Y（NPY）；蝶腭神经节中含有血管活性肠肽（VIP）或VIP/NPY；耳神经节中含有VIP、VIP/NPY或VIP/物质P（SP），三叉神经节中含有降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）或CGRP/SP。去神经支配和示踪实验的结果表明，鼻粘膜中所有含NA的纤维和大部分含NPY的纤维都来自颈上神经节（交感神经供应）。含VIP和VIP/NPY的纤维起源于蝶腭神经节和耳神经节（副交感神经供应）。含CGRP和CGRP/SP的神经纤维来自三叉神经节（感觉神经供应）。
