Butters N, Albert M S, Sax D S, Miliotis P, Nagode J, Sterste A
Neuropsychologia. 1983;21(4):307-23. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(83)90018-0.
Patients with alcoholic Korskoff's syndrome, Huntington's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease or right-hemisphere damage were administered a picture recognition task in which they attempted to associate specific human and animal figures with particular scenic backgrounds. Under one condition (no-story), no explicit verbal cues were provided to help the patients associate the figures with the scenes; in a second condition, stories, stories linking the figures to the background scenes were read to the patients during the study period. Although all four patient groups were impaired in picture-context recognition under the no-story condition, the groups differed significantly in their ability to use the stories to improve their pictorial memory. The Huntington and right-hemisphere patients' picture recognition showed significant improvement when stories were provided, whereas the Korsakoff and Alzheimer patients failed to use this verbal material in a productive manner. The groups also differed in their tendency to make intrusion (i.e., perseverative) errors on the picture-context recognition task. These group differences may be related to the combination of language, cognitive and motivational deficits associated with each disease.
患有酒精性科萨科夫综合征、亨廷顿舞蹈症、阿尔茨海默病或右脑损伤的患者接受了一项图片识别任务，在该任务中，他们试图将特定的人物和动物形象与特定的风景背景联系起来。在一种条件下（无故事条件），不提供明确的语言线索来帮助患者将形象与场景联系起来；在第二种条件下，在研究期间向患者朗读将形象与背景场景联系起来的故事。尽管在无故事条件下，所有四个患者组在图片-背景识别方面都受损，但这些组在利用故事来改善其图片记忆的能力上有显著差异。当提供故事时，亨廷顿舞蹈症患者组和右脑损伤患者组的图片识别有显著改善，而科萨科夫综合征患者和阿尔茨海默病患者未能有效地利用这些语言材料。这些组在图片-背景识别任务中出现侵入性（即持续性）错误的倾向也有所不同。这些组间差异可能与每种疾病相关的语言、认知和动机缺陷的综合情况有关。
