Bean B, Moore B M, Sterner B, Peterson L R, Gerding D N, Balfour H H
J Infect Dis. 1982 Jul;146(1):47-51. doi: 10.1093/infdis/146.1.47.
To investigate the transmission of influenza viruses via hands and environmental surfaces, the survival of laboratory-grown influenza A and influenza B viruses on various surfaces was studied. Both influenza A and B viruses survived for 24-48 hr on hard, nonporous surfaces such as stainless steel and plastic but survived for less than 8-12 hr on cloth, paper, and tissues. Measurable quantities of influenza A virus were transferred from stainless steel surfaces to hands for 24 hr and from tissues to hands for up to 15 min. Virus survived on hands for up to 5 min after transfer from the environmental surfaces. These observations suggest that the transmission of virus from donors who are shedding large amounts could occur for 2-8 hr via stainless steel surfaces and for a few minutes via paper tissues. Thus, under conditions of heavy environmental contamination, the transmission of influenza virus via fomites may be possible.
为研究流感病毒通过手和环境表面的传播情况，对实验室培养的甲型和乙型流感病毒在各种表面上的存活情况进行了研究。甲型和乙型流感病毒在不锈钢和塑料等坚硬、无孔表面上可存活24至48小时，但在布、纸和纸巾上存活时间不到8至12小时。可测量数量的甲型流感病毒在24小时内从不锈钢表面转移到手上，从纸巾转移到手上长达15分钟。病毒从环境表面转移到手上后，在手上可存活长达5分钟。这些观察结果表明，大量排毒者的病毒通过不锈钢表面可能传播2至8小时，通过纸巾传播几分钟。因此，在环境污染严重的情况下，流感病毒通过污染物传播是可能的。
