Balayan M S, Alejnic M D, Savinskaja S S, Andzaparidze A G, Bokarev A A, Bystrova T N, Rjabikova T F, Iosenko N V, Nastasenko T A
Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60(2):243-51.
In order to investigate the characteristics of hepatitis A virus excretion, 372 children in semi-closed day-care centres were examined at the time of the seasonal increase in hepatitis incidence. Enzyme immunoassay and immune electron microscopy were used to detect virus in faeces. Ten communities were surveyed and, for the purposes of this paper, were divided into four groups on the basis of the observed pattern of virus excretion. The first group consisted of 4 communities with one hepatitis case in each; in this group, there was a relatively low rate of virus excretion throughout the study. The second group comprised 2 communities with one or two hepatitis cases; this group was characterized by an increase in the rate of virus excretion some time after isolation of the patient. In the communities of the third group, there were numerous hepatitis cases and a high rate of virus excretion during the first weeks of observation, followed by a significant decrease. There were no hepatitis cases in the fourth group, but some hepatitis A virus shedding was detected.The ratio of the number of cases to the number of virus carriers was 1:11.4 in the first two groups, and 1:3.4 in the third. Administration of normal serum immunoglobulin did not significantly affect the rate of HAV excretion. The cause of the differences in shedding of hepatitis A virus in the communities is unknown, but may possibly be related to the size of the immune section of the population.
为了研究甲型肝炎病毒排泄的特征，在肝炎发病率季节性上升时，对半封闭日托中心的372名儿童进行了检查。采用酶免疫测定法和免疫电子显微镜法检测粪便中的病毒。对10个社区进行了调查，为本研究目的，根据观察到的病毒排泄模式将其分为四组。第一组由4个社区组成，每个社区有1例肝炎病例；在该组中，整个研究期间病毒排泄率相对较低。第二组包括2个社区，有1例或2例肝炎病例；该组的特点是在患者隔离一段时间后病毒排泄率增加。在第三组社区中，观察的最初几周内有大量肝炎病例且病毒排泄率很高，随后显著下降。第四组没有肝炎病例，但检测到一些甲型肝炎病毒排出。前两组病例数与病毒携带者数之比为1:11.4，第三组为1:3.4。给予正常血清免疫球蛋白对甲型肝炎病毒排泄率没有显著影响。社区中甲型肝炎病毒排出存在差异的原因尚不清楚，但可能与人群免疫部分的大小有关。
