Van Praagh R, Van Praagh S
Chest. 1983 Oct;84(4):462-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.84.4.462.
Aristotle said that the human heart has three ventricles--right, left, and middle--a concept that has often been viewed as an astonishing error. But was it? Aristotle did not miscount ventricles. In the third century BC, all cardiac chambers were called "ventricles," meaning "cavities." The "ears" (auricles) were distinguished from the "cavities" (ventricles) by Herophilus of Alexandria (c 300 BC) and by Rufus and Ephesus (a contemporary of Jesus Christ). Aristotle regarded the right atrium as a venous dilatation, not as a part of the heart. Aristotle's "right ventricle" was our right ventricle. His "left ventricle" was our left atrium. His "middle ventricle" was our left ventricle. Because he did not count the right atrium, Aristotle considered the human heart to be three-chambered or "triventricular," consisting of the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle. This report summarizes the relevant early history of the cardiovascular system.
亚里士多德认为人类心脏有三个心室——右心室、左心室和中间心室——这一概念常被视为惊人的错误。但真是如此吗？亚里士多德并没有数错心室。在公元前3世纪，所有心脏腔室都被称为“心室”，意思是“腔”。“耳”（心耳）由亚历山大的希罗菲卢斯（约公元前300年）以及鲁弗斯和以弗所（耶稣基督同时代的人）与“腔”（心室）区分开来。亚里士多德将右心房视为静脉扩张，而非心脏的一部分。亚里士多德所说的“右心室”是我们的右心室。他所说的“左心室”是我们的左心房。他所说的“中间心室”是我们的左心室。因为他没有把右心房计算在内，亚里士多德认为人类心脏是三室的或“三腔的”，由右心室、左心房和左心室组成。本报告总结了心血管系统的相关早期历史。
