Sullivan E A, Shulman K I
Can J Psychiatry. 1984 Dec;29(8):707-11. doi: 10.1177/070674378402900814.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are attracting renewed attention as effective antidepressants for refractory depressions, particularly among the elderly. However, widespread fears concerning the interactions of MAOIs with tyramine-containing foods have led to the development of long and complicated diets. These diets have served as an obstacle to the ready use of MAOIs, yet very little systematic or critical review of the basis for food restriction has been undertaken. An international survey of MAOI diets was conducted and from the diets collected, foods were categorized according to frequency of restriction on the diet lists. On the basis of this survey and a critical review of the literature it was determined that only four foods clearly warrant absolute prohibition: aged cheese, pickled fish (herring), concentrated yeast extracts and broad bean pods. While there is insufficient evidence to prohibit alcohol completely (even chianti wine) true moderation must apply. It is suggested that a radically simplified diet should be investigated on a prospective basis.
单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOIs）作为治疗难治性抑郁症的有效抗抑郁药正重新受到关注，尤其是在老年人中。然而，人们对MAOIs与含酪胺食物相互作用的广泛担忧导致了漫长而复杂的饮食规定的产生。这些饮食规定成为了MAOIs广泛应用的障碍，但对食物限制依据的系统性或批判性审查却很少。我们进行了一项关于MAOI饮食的国际调查，并根据收集到的饮食，按照饮食清单上的限制频率对食物进行了分类。基于这项调查和对文献的批判性审查，确定只有四种食物明确需要绝对禁止：陈年奶酪、腌鱼（鲱鱼）、浓缩酵母提取物和蚕豆荚。虽然没有足够的证据完全禁止饮酒（即使是基安蒂红葡萄酒），但必须真正适度饮酒。建议前瞻性地研究一种彻底简化的饮食。
