Laurie S H
J Inherit Metab Dis. 1983;6 Suppl 1:9-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01811317.
Current understanding of the means by which the trace metals copper, iron, and zinc are transported and stored in the human body is reviewed. Although metal-related inherited metabolic diseases manifest themselves as deficiencies in metalloenzymes, these deficiencies in fact arise from disturbances in the absorption/rejection or transport or storage phases of the metal metabolism. The considerable information available on iron metabolism shows these phases to be closely interrelated with a number of feedback mechanisms operating as controls on the various metabolic stages. Copper and zinc have vastly different roles in their enzymes but, following their close coordination chemistry properties, have similar metabolic routes. Both make use of albumin for transport and of metallothionein at the absorption and hepatic-binding stages. In contrast to iron, copper and zinc have no well-defined storage system; instead they make use of body reserves distributed in various tissues. Our knowledge of the transport and storage systems of the trace metals is still very incomplete. More research is needed on the dynamics of movement of the trace metals between the various body tissues and fluids. Further advances will also come from the study of related metal inherited diseases in other animal species.
本文综述了目前对痕量金属铜、铁和锌在人体内运输和储存方式的理解。尽管与金属相关的遗传性代谢疾病表现为金属酶缺乏，但这些缺乏实际上是由金属代谢的吸收/排泄、运输或储存阶段的紊乱引起的。关于铁代谢的大量现有信息表明，这些阶段与许多作为各种代谢阶段控制的反馈机制密切相关。铜和锌在其酶中具有截然不同的作用，但由于它们紧密的配位化学性质，具有相似的代谢途径。两者都利用白蛋白进行运输，并在吸收和肝脏结合阶段利用金属硫蛋白。与铁不同，铜和锌没有明确的储存系统；相反，它们利用分布在各种组织中的身体储备。我们对痕量金属运输和储存系统的了解仍然非常不完整。需要对痕量金属在各种身体组织和液体之间的动态运动进行更多研究。对其他动物物种中相关金属遗传性疾病的研究也将取得进一步进展。
