Cryz S J, Pitt T L, Fürer E, Germanier R
Infect Immun. 1984 May;44(2):508-13. doi: 10.1128/iai.44.2.508-513.1984.
The role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. The virulence of several P. aeruginosa strains for burned mice was found to be directly related to the dispersion of LPS into either the phenol or the water phase after extraction. Virulence decreased as the proportion of LPS recovered from the phenol phase increased. No similar correlation was observed when several other strain characteristics were investigated. This phenomenon was studied in greater detail by using the "smooth"-specific phage E79 to select mutants altered in LPS structure. One such mutant, PA220-R2, was extensively characterized. LPS isolated from PA220-R2 was found to be completely deficient in high-molecular-weight polysaccharide material. This alteration rendered the strain serum sensitive and dramatically changed the reaction with O-specific typing sera and sensitivity to typing phages. However, motility, toxin A and elastase production, and 22 metabolic functions remained unchanged. PA220-R2 was found to be comparatively nonvirulent, with a 50% lethal dose more than 1,000-fold higher than that of its parent for burned mice. This was due to the inability of PA220-R2 to establish an infection in burned skin.
研究了脂多糖（LPS）在铜绿假单胞菌毒力中的作用。发现几种铜绿假单胞菌菌株对烧伤小鼠的毒力与提取后LPS在酚相或水相中的分散直接相关。随着从酚相中回收的LPS比例增加，毒力降低。在研究其他几种菌株特征时未观察到类似的相关性。通过使用“光滑”特异性噬菌体E79选择LPS结构改变的突变体，对这一现象进行了更详细的研究。对其中一个这样的突变体PA220-R2进行了广泛的表征。从PA220-R2分离的LPS被发现完全缺乏高分子量多糖物质。这种改变使该菌株对血清敏感，并显著改变了与O特异性分型血清的反应以及对分型噬菌体的敏感性。然而，运动性、毒素A和弹性蛋白酶的产生以及22种代谢功能保持不变。发现PA220-R2相对无毒，其对烧伤小鼠的半数致死剂量比其亲本高1000倍以上。这是由于PA220-R2无法在烧伤皮肤中建立感染。
