Scragg R K, McMichael A J, Seamark R F
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984 Jun 16;288(6433):1795-9. doi: 10.1136/bmj.288.6433.1795.
A case-control study of gall stone disease in women in relation to use of contraceptives, reproductive history, and concentrations of endogenous hormones was undertaken. The study population comprised 200 hospital patients with newly diagnosed gall stone disease, 182 individually matched controls selected from the community, and 234 controls who were patients in hospital. Use of oral contraceptives was associated with an increased risk of developing gall stones among young subjects but a decreased risk among older subjects. The risk of developing gall stone disease increased in association with increasing parity, particularly among younger women. The risk fell with increasing age at first pregnancy, independent of parity. Mean urinary excretion over 24 hours of oestrone, but not of pregnanediol, was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater for postmenopausal patients than controls. The age dependence of the relative risk associated with exposure to oral contraceptives and pregnancy suggests that there are subpopulations of women susceptible to early formation of gall stones after exposure to either oral contraceptives or pregnancy.
开展了一项关于女性胆结石疾病与避孕药使用、生育史及内源性激素浓度关系的病例对照研究。研究人群包括200名新诊断为胆结石疾病的住院患者、从社区选取的182名个体匹配对照以及234名住院患者对照。口服避孕药在年轻受试者中与患胆结石风险增加相关，但在年长受试者中与风险降低相关。患胆结石疾病的风险随着产次增加而上升，尤其是在年轻女性中。首次怀孕年龄增加，风险降低，且与产次无关。绝经后患者雌酮24小时平均尿排泄量显著高于对照组（p<0.05），而孕二醇则不然。与口服避孕药和怀孕相关的相对风险的年龄依赖性表明，存在一部分女性亚群体，在接触口服避孕药或怀孕后易早期形成胆结石。
