Jamrozik K, Fowler G, Vessey M, Wald N
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984 Sep 29;289(6448):794-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.289.6448.794.
Of 2110 adult cigarette smokers originally recruited to a study of the effect of antismoking advice in general practice, 429 who reported at follow up after one year that they had tried unsuccessfully to stop smoking were offered "a special antismoking chewing gum," either nicotine gum or a placebo gum, in a double blind study. Of 200 who were willing to try the gum, 101 were randomly allocated to the nicotine gum and 99 to the placebo gum. They were followed up at six months by an unannounced home visit, at which they were interviewed and asked to provide a breath sample for analysis of carbon monoxide. Twenty five claimed that they had stopped smoking, but, of them, seven exhaled levels of carbon monoxide indicative of continued smoking. Of the 18 in whom giving up smoking was validated, 10 had received active gum and eight placebo gum, a difference which was not significant (odds in favour of nicotine gum = 1.25, 95% confidence limits 0.47-3.31). The value of nicotine chewing gum, if any, can be quite small when it is used in general practice.
在最初招募参加一项关于全科医疗中戒烟建议效果研究的2110名成年吸烟者中，429名在一年后的随访中报告称他们尝试戒烟但未成功，在一项双盲研究中，他们被提供了“一种特殊的戒烟口香糖”，即尼古丁口香糖或安慰剂口香糖。在200名愿意尝试口香糖的人中，101人被随机分配到尼古丁口香糖组，99人被分配到安慰剂口香糖组。在六个月时对他们进行了一次未事先通知的家访随访，在随访中对他们进行了访谈，并要求他们提供一份呼气样本用于一氧化碳分析。25人声称他们已经戒烟，但其中7人的呼出一氧化碳水平表明他们仍在吸烟。在18名被证实已戒烟的人中，10人接受了活性口香糖，8人接受了安慰剂口香糖，这一差异不显著（支持尼古丁口香糖的优势比=1.25，95%置信区间0.47 - 3.31）。当尼古丁口香糖在全科医疗中使用时，其价值（如果有的话）可能相当小。
