Holbrook J T, Patterson K Y, Bodner J E, Douglas L W, Veillon C, Kelsay J L, Mertz W, Smith J C
Am J Clin Nutr. 1984 Oct;40(4):786-93. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/40.4.786.
Twenty eight adults, 12 men and 16 women, participated in a 1-yr study designed to assess daily nutrient intake accurately. All subjects lived at home, consumed self-chosen diets, and maintained a detailed daily dietary record throughout the year. During four 7-day balance studies, one in each season of the year, meals, beverages, urine, and feces were analyzed for sodium and potassium content by atomic absorption spectrometry. Total intakes averaged 3.4 g/day for sodium and 2.8 g/day for potassium. The Na:K ratio for all diets analyzed averaged 1.3. Nutrient densities of sodium and potassium were 1.8 and 1.5 g/1000 kcal, respectively. Apparent absorptions of sodium and potassium were 98 and 85%, respectively, and did not change significantly over the wide range of intakes. Average urinary excretions of sodium and potassium were 86 and 77% of total intake, respectively. Mean metabolic balances were positive for sodium, +0.47 g/day, and potassium, +0.28 g/day. The data of this study provide useful information concerning the dietary intakes, excretions, and balances of sodium and potassium for adults based on analytic determination.
28名成年人（12名男性和16名女性）参与了一项为期1年的研究，该研究旨在准确评估每日营养摄入量。所有受试者均居家生活，食用自行选择的饮食，并全年详细记录每日饮食情况。在一年中每个季节各进行一次为期7天的平衡研究期间，通过原子吸收光谱法对餐食、饮料、尿液和粪便中的钠和钾含量进行了分析。钠的总摄入量平均为3.4克/天，钾为2.8克/天。所有分析饮食的钠钾比平均为1.3。钠和钾的营养密度分别为1.8克/1000千卡和1.5克/1000千卡。钠和钾的表观吸收率分别为98%和85%，在广泛的摄入量范围内没有显著变化。钠和钾的平均尿排泄量分别占总摄入量的86%和77%。钠的平均代谢平衡为正值，+0.47克/天，钾为+0.28克/天。本研究数据基于分析测定，提供了有关成年人钠和钾的饮食摄入量、排泄量和平衡的有用信息。
