DaRoza R, Henning R J, Sunshine I, Sutheimer C
Crit Care Med. 1984 Nov;12(11):1003-5. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198411000-00020.
Ethylene glycol, a major constituent of antifreeze, is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde, glycolate, glyoxylate, and oxalate. The metabolites of ethylene glycol cause severe metabolic acidosis and central nervous system, pulmonary, and renal damage. Ethanol competes with ethylene glycol as an alternate substrate of alcohol dehydrogenase. Two cases of ethylene glycol poisoning associated with serum concentrations of 59 and 150 mg/dl are reported. One patient was protected from the toxic effects of the metabolites because of concomitant ethanol ingestion. In patients with unexplained anion and osmol gaps, early diagnosis and therapy with ethanol and hemodialysis help prevent the toxic manifestations of ethylene glycol poisoning.
乙二醇是防冻液的主要成分，经乙醇脱氢酶代谢生成乙醇醛、乙醇酸、乙醛酸和草酸。乙二醇的代谢产物会导致严重的代谢性酸中毒以及中枢神经系统、肺部和肾脏损伤。乙醇作为乙醇脱氢酶的另一种底物，可与乙二醇竞争。本文报告了两例血清乙二醇浓度分别为59和150mg/dl的乙二醇中毒病例。其中一名患者因同时摄入乙醇而免受代谢产物的毒性影响。对于不明原因的阴离子间隙和渗透压间隙患者，早期诊断并使用乙醇和血液透析进行治疗有助于预防乙二醇中毒的毒性表现。
