Milham S, Demers R Y
J Occup Med. 1984 Nov;26(11):844-6. doi: 10.1097/00043764-198411000-00016.
Mortality among 2,113 U.S. and Canadian members of the Pulp, Sulfite, and Paper Workers' Union, 1935 through 1964, was studied using a proportionate mortality analysis. Mortality due to gastric cancer was found to be elevated in all jurisdictions, but only in mills using sulfate or sulfite pulping. An excess of mortality due to kidney cancer was limited to mills in Oregon and Washington. Excesses of deaths due to leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphosarcoma were observed only in mills in Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin and the province of Quebec. Based on small numbers, excesses of deaths due to cancers of rectum, pancreas, kidney, and lymphosarcoma were seen primarily among sulfite process workers, while Hodgkin's disease deaths occurred primarily in sulfate (kraft) process workers. These findings suggest that cancer mortality in pulp and paper workers may be related both to pulping process and to tree species processed.
1935年至1964年期间，对美国和加拿大纸浆、亚硫酸盐和造纸工人联盟的2113名成员的死亡率进行了比例死亡率分析研究。发现所有辖区内胃癌死亡率均有所上升，但仅在使用硫酸盐或亚硫酸盐制浆的工厂中如此。肾癌导致的死亡率过高仅限于俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的工厂。白血病、霍奇金病和淋巴肉瘤导致的死亡人数过多仅在俄勒冈州、华盛顿州、威斯康星州以及魁北克省的工厂中观察到。基于少量数据，直肠癌、胰腺癌、肾癌和淋巴肉瘤导致的死亡人数过多主要出现在亚硫酸盐工艺工人中，而霍奇金病死亡主要发生在硫酸盐（牛皮纸）工艺工人中。这些发现表明，纸浆和造纸工人的癌症死亡率可能与制浆工艺和所加工的树种都有关。
