Geddes L A, Whistler S J
Am Heart J. 1978 Jul;96(1):4-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(78)90119-9.
This paper shows the error to be expected when blood pressure is measured indirectly with a cuff that is too wide or too narrow for the member to which it is applied. A cuff that is too narrow overestimates and a cuff that is too wide underestimated blood pressure.