Tønjum T, Nilsson F, Bruun J N, Haneberg B
NIPH Ann. 1983 Dec;6(2):175-81.
In a prospective case control study in Norway during the winter 1981-1982, 115 patients with systemic meningococcal disease were compared with 61 patient controls. Initially, skin bleedings, reduced general condition and consciousness, and body pain were seen more often, but irritability less often in meningococcal patients than in the patient controls. The meningococcal patients presented symptoms typical of infectious diseases in general. Symptoms that correlated with a poor prognosis of the meningococcal disease were reduced consciousness, cyanosis, and early diarrhea. The mean time interval from start of the meningococcal disease until admission to hospital was 34 hours. No deaths occurred when less than six hours elapsed before it was decided to admit the patient. All fatal cases were admitted by the first doctor who saw the meningococcal patient. Contact with the family doctor does not seem to have reduced the risk of death. To avoid unnecessary delays, access to hospitals should be facilitated, and efforts should be made to shorten the time interval before patients with relevant symptoms are seen by a doctor.
在1981 - 1982年冬季挪威开展的一项前瞻性病例对照研究中，将115例系统性脑膜炎球菌病患者与61例对照患者进行了比较。最初，与对照患者相比，脑膜炎球菌病患者皮肤出血、全身状况和意识减退以及身体疼痛更为常见，但易怒情况较少见。脑膜炎球菌病患者总体上呈现出典型的传染病症状。与脑膜炎球菌病预后不良相关的症状有意识减退、发绀和早期腹泻。从脑膜炎球菌病发病到入院的平均时间间隔为34小时。在决定收治患者前若间隔时间少于6小时，则无死亡病例发生。所有死亡病例均由首位接诊脑膜炎球菌病患者的医生收治。与家庭医生接触似乎并未降低死亡风险。为避免不必要的延误，应便利患者就医，并努力缩短出现相关症状的患者被医生诊治前的时间间隔。
