Weitzman L B, Tinker W P, Kronzon I, Cohen M L, Glassman E, Spencer F C
Circulation. 1984 Mar;69(3):506-11. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.69.3.506.
One hundred twenty-two consecutive patients (104 men; 18 women) were studied to determine the incidence and natural history of pericardial effusion occurring 2, 5, 10, and 20 to 50 days after cardiac surgery. Three patients had pericardial effusions before and 103 patients (91 men; three women) had effusions after surgery. Effusions were first recorded on the second postoperative day in 72 patients, on the fifth postoperative day in 29 patients, and on the tenth postoperative day in two patients. In 96 of these patients, effusions reached their maximum size by postoperative day 10. Of the 103 patients with effusions, 66 (64%) were followed to complete resolution. A specific pattern was observed in most resolving effusions. The echo-free space diagnostic of pericardial effusion became progressively more echo-dense as the effusion diminished in size. As the effusion became echo-dense, the posterior pericardium, which had been motionless, resumed its normal systolic anterior motion. One patient developed cardiac tamponade on postoperative day 3. We conclude that pericardial effusion occurs frequently after cardiac surgery, but that associated complications are rare.
对122例连续患者（104例男性；18例女性）进行了研究，以确定心脏手术后2天、5天、10天以及20至50天发生心包积液的发生率和自然病程。3例患者术前有心包积液，103例患者（91例男性；3例女性）术后出现积液。72例患者在术后第二天首次记录到积液，29例患者在术后第五天，2例患者在术后第十天。在这些患者中，96例患者的积液在术后第10天达到最大尺寸。在103例有积液的患者中，66例（64%）被随访至积液完全消退。在大多数消退的积液中观察到一种特定模式。随着积液尺寸减小，诊断心包积液的无回声区逐渐变得回声更密集。随着积液变得回声密集，原本静止不动的后心包恢复其正常的收缩期向前运动。1例患者在术后第3天发生心脏压塞。我们得出结论，心脏手术后心包积液频繁发生，但相关并发症罕见。
