Johansen K, Svendsen P A, Lørup B
Diabetologia. 1984 Mar;26(3):180-2. doi: 10.1007/BF00252403.
The blood glucose/urinary glucose relationship was studied in 23 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Glucose was infused intravenously in order to increase blood glucose concentration slowly and gradually. The renal threshold was recorded at the slightest trace of glycosuria and varied by a factor of 2 (from 6.0 to 14.3 mmol/l). The rise in blood glucose required to change the urinary output (0-1.1 mmol glucose/20 min) varied by a factor of 7 (1.1-7.6 mmol/l). The maximal rate of tubular glucose reabsorption varied by a factor of 2 (0.93-1.98 mmol/min). The renal threshold was negatively correlated with the creatinine clearance (r = -0.052, p less than 0.05), but was not correlated with diabetic control, age or duration of diabetes. The maximal rate of glucose reabsorption was negatively correlated with age (r = 0.47, p less than 0.05) and duration of diabetes (r = -0.54, p less than 0.05). In conclusion, urinary glucose excretion is dependent on both renal threshold and the splay and the slope of the blood glucose/urinary glucose excretion curve. Thus, the degree of glycosuria is of value as an index of diabetic control only when the blood glucose/urinary glucose relationship is known. The inverse correlation between renal threshold and creatinine clearance limits the usefulness of measuring glycosuria in patients with nephropathy.
对23例1型（胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病患者的血糖/尿糖关系进行了研究。通过静脉输注葡萄糖以缓慢、逐渐地升高血糖浓度。在出现微量糖尿时记录肾阈值，其变化范围为2倍（从6.0至14.3毫摩尔/升）。改变尿量（0 - 1.1毫摩尔葡萄糖/20分钟）所需的血糖升高幅度变化范围为7倍（1.1 - 7.6毫摩尔/升）。肾小管葡萄糖重吸收的最大速率变化范围为2倍（0.93 - 1.98毫摩尔/分钟）。肾阈值与肌酐清除率呈负相关（r = -0.052，p < 0.05），但与糖尿病控制情况、年龄或糖尿病病程无关。葡萄糖重吸收的最大速率与年龄（r = 0.47，p < 0.05）和糖尿病病程（r = -0.54，p < 0.05）呈负相关。总之，尿糖排泄取决于肾阈值以及血糖/尿糖排泄曲线的离散度和斜率。因此，只有在了解血糖/尿糖关系时，糖尿程度作为糖尿病控制指标才有价值。肾阈值与肌酐清除率之间的负相关限制了在肾病患者中测量糖尿的实用性。
