Zeltzer L, LeBaron S, Zeltzer P M
J Clin Oncol. 1984 Jun;2(6):683-90. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1984.2.6.683.
Fifty-one children 6-17 years of age rated the severity of nausea, vomiting, and the extent to which chemotherapy bothered them during each course of chemotherapy. Sixteen patients had no symptoms and the doses administered to 16 others were not constant so that matched courses could not be assessed. After baseline measurement of two matched courses, the remaining 19 patients were randomized to receive hypnosis or supportive counseling during two more matched courses. An additional course with no intervention was assessed in half of the patients. No significant reduction of symptoms was demonstrated prior to intervention. However, intervention with both hypnosis and supportive counseling was associated with significant reductions in nausea, vomiting, and the extent to which these symptoms bothered patients (all p less than 0.001). Also, after termination of intervention, symptom ratings remained significantly lower than baseline. The data indicate that chemotherapy-related nausea and emesis in children can be reduced with behavioral intervention and that reductions are maintained after intervention has been discontinued.
51名6至17岁的儿童对每次化疗过程中恶心、呕吐的严重程度以及化疗对他们的困扰程度进行了评分。16名患者没有症状，另外16名患者所使用的剂量不恒定，因此无法评估匹配疗程。在对两个匹配疗程进行基线测量后，其余19名患者被随机分为两组，在另外两个匹配疗程中分别接受催眠或支持性咨询。一半患者还接受了一个无干预的额外疗程评估。干预前未显示症状有显著减轻。然而，催眠和支持性咨询干预均与恶心、呕吐以及这些症状对患者的困扰程度显著降低相关（所有p值均小于0.001）。此外，干预结束后，症状评分仍显著低于基线水平。数据表明，行为干预可减轻儿童化疗相关的恶心和呕吐，且在干预停止后仍能维持减轻效果。
