Isolation and characterization of an age-related antigen present on senescent human red blood cells.

Autologous membrane-bound IgG was isolated from a subpopulation of human red blood cells (RBC) with specific density greater than 1.110, by affinity chromatography of purified RBC membrane glycoprotein preparations using immobilized wheat germ agglutinin and immobilized anti-human immunoglobulin (Ig) as immunoabsorbents. The Ig-containing population thus obtained, when further separated by chromatography on Sephadex G-200 in the presence of chaotropic agents, yielded four peaks (Ia, Ib, II, and III). Double immunodiffusion revealed the presence of Ig in the first three peaks (IgM in peak Ia, IgA in Ib, and IgG in II) but not in peak III. Peak III was precipitated by the Ig-containing peaks (Ia, Ib, and II) in immunodiffusion assays, suggesting that the antigenic membrane determinants responsible for the binding of autologous Ig to senescent human RBC were contained in this peak (III). Peaks Ia, Ib and II precipitate purified asialoglycophorin; peak III was reactive with purified autoantibodies directed against asialoglycophorin. These results suggest that an age-related antigenic determinant(s) present on senescent human RBC is exposed by desialylation of the major sialoglycoprotein component of the RBC membrane.