Overproduction of low density lipoproteins associated with coronary heart disease.

The turnover rates of low density lipoprotein-apolipoprotein (apoLDL) were determined in eight men with coronary heart disease (CHD) and seven men matched for age, weight, and plasma lipid levels who were used for controls. The CHD patients were normocholesterolemic (plasma cholesterol = 204 +/- 8 mg/dl sem) as were the control subjects (227 +/- 15 mg/dl). The concentrations of plasma LDL cholesterol and apoLDL were similar for the two groups. In contrast, the synthetic rates of apoLDL were higher in the CHD patients (20.0 +/- 1.8 mg/kg/day) than in the controls (12.9 +/- 1.1 mg/kg/day) (p less than 0.01). The ratios of protein-to-cholesterol in LDL averaged 19% higher in the CHD patients. These patients with CHD maintained normal LDL levels despite an over-production of apoLDL because of an increased capacity for LDL removal; their fractional catabolic rates of apoLDL averaged 43% higher than those of the controls. These findings indicate that some patients with CHD have abnormalities in the turnover of apoLDL, even with normal concentrations of LDL; these abnormalities may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis.