Cork R C, Vaughan R W, Humphrey L S
Anesth Analg. 1983 Feb;62(2):211-4.
Using tympanic membrane (TM) temperature as a standard for core temperature, we quantitated the accuracy and precision of seven other temperature monitoring sites during anesthesia, namely, the nasopharynx, esophagus, rectum, bladder, axilla, forehead, and great toe. Accuracy was quantitated as the difference between TM temperature and the temperature at each of the other sites; precision was quantitated as the correlation between TM temperature and the temperature at each of the other sites. Results indicate that the accuracy of measurements made using the great toe, forehead, and axilla is less than the accuracy of measurements made using the nasopharynx, esophagus, bladder, and rectum. Precision of measurements made using the nasopharynx, esophagus, and bladder is greater than the precision at the axilla, forehead, and rectum, and much higher than the precision at the great toe. Measurements of body temperature using the nasopharynx, esophagus, and bladder are recommended for intraoperative use as providing the best combination of accuracy and precision.
以鼓膜（TM）温度作为核心温度的标准，我们对麻醉期间其他七个体温监测部位的准确性和精确性进行了量化，这七个部位分别是鼻咽、食管、直肠、膀胱、腋窝、前额和大脚趾。准确性通过TM温度与其他各部位温度之间的差值来量化；精确性通过TM温度与其他各部位温度之间的相关性来量化。结果表明，使用大脚趾、前额和腋窝进行测量的准确性低于使用鼻咽、食管、膀胱和直肠进行测量的准确性。使用鼻咽、食管和膀胱进行测量的精确性高于腋窝、前额和直肠处的精确性，且远高于大脚趾处的精确性。建议术中使用鼻咽、食管和膀胱测量体温，因为它们在准确性和精确性方面提供了最佳组合。
