Fayez J A, Hasan A A, Jonas H S, Miller G L
Obstet Gynecol. 1978 Jul;52(1):17-21.
A 14-month prospective study of patients with premature rupture of the membranes was performed. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of different therapeutic regimens for management of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) on perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as on maternal morbidity. Maternal and fetal risk factors and predictive factors in pregnancy outcome were prospectively defined. In patients with PROM whose gestational age was 34 weeks or more, induction within the first 12 hours of membrane rupture resulted in minimal maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Patients with gestational age of less than 34 weeks had an improved maternal and fetal outcome if left alone until spontaneous labor or 34 weeks' gestation was reached unless signs of sepsis developed. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the infants of patients who delivered prematurely due to premature rupture of the membranes. Incidence of fetal infection was significantly less than that of RDS as a cause for fetal morbidity and mortality.
对胎膜早破患者进行了一项为期14个月的前瞻性研究。该研究的目的是确定不同治疗方案处理胎膜早破（PROM）对围产期发病率和死亡率以及对母体发病率的影响。前瞻性地确定了妊娠结局中的母体和胎儿危险因素及预测因素。对于孕周34周及以上的胎膜早破患者，在胎膜破裂后的头12小时内引产导致的母体和胎儿发病率及死亡率最低。孕周小于34周的患者，如果不进行干预直至自然临产或达到34周孕周，除非出现败血症迹象，其母体和胎儿结局会有所改善。呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）是因胎膜早破而早产的患者所生婴儿发病和死亡的主要原因。作为胎儿发病和死亡的原因，胎儿感染的发生率明显低于RDS。
