Wade B H, Mandell G L
Am J Med. 1983 Apr;74(4):686-93. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)91028-8.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are termed professional phagocytes because they are specially equipped to seek and destroy invading microorganisms. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow and released into the circulation, where they are transported to the tissues. At sites of tissue invasion by microorganisms, humoral factors are released that induce these cells to leave the bloodstream and enter the tissues. Chemotactic substances guide polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the infecting organisms. Antibody and complement can function as opsonins and enhance the ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to engulf microbes. Ingested organisms are killed by oxidative or nonoxidative systems. Defects in the various aspects of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function may be found in patients with recurrent, severe, or unusual infections. Evaluation of selected patients with recurrent infections should include tests of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function.
多形核白细胞被称为专职吞噬细胞，因为它们具备专门的装备来寻找并消灭入侵的微生物。多形核白细胞在骨髓中形成并释放到循环系统中，然后被输送到组织中。在微生物入侵组织的部位，体液因子被释放出来，诱导这些细胞离开血液进入组织。趋化物质引导多形核白细胞到达感染的生物体。抗体和补体可以作为调理素发挥作用，增强多形核白细胞吞噬微生物的能力。摄入的生物体通过氧化或非氧化系统被杀死。复发性、严重或不寻常感染的患者可能存在多形核白细胞功能各方面的缺陷。对选定的复发性感染患者进行评估应包括多形核白细胞功能测试。
