Caporael L R, Lukaszewski M P, Culbertson G H
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983 Apr;44(4):746-54. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.44.4.746.
Elderly care receivers and their caregivers judged vocal nonverbal messages prepared from audiotapes of caregivers interacting with their co-workers and elderly nursing home residents. This study investigated the relationship between these judgments and, respectively, the functional ability of the aged judges and the expectations of the elderly held by the caregivers. The stimulus tape judged consisted of three types of messages: caregivers' speech to care receivers in baby talk, caregivers' speech to care receivers not in baby talk, and speech to other caregivers assumed to be in normal adult speech. For the elderly judges, lower functional ability scores were found to be associated with a greater liking for baby talk speech as compared to other speech, but no relationships were found for their judgments of "soothing" or "irritating." For caregivers, expectancy was associated with their predictions of elderly residents' liking for baby talk speech and caregivers' endorsements that adult speech would not be effective for interacting with care receivers. The pattern of results suggests that variations in caregiver expectancy may operate through a common social stereotype of the elderly.
老年护理对象及其护理人员对护理人员与同事及养老院老年居民互动的录音带中准备的有声非语言信息进行了评判。本研究调查了这些评判与老年评判者的功能能力以及护理人员对老年人的期望之间的关系。被评判的刺激磁带包含三种类型的信息：护理人员用儿语与护理对象交谈、护理人员不用儿语与护理对象交谈，以及假定为正常成人语言的与其他护理人员的交谈。对于老年评判者而言，与其他语言相比，功能能力得分较低与对儿语的更喜爱相关，但在他们对“舒缓”或“刺激”的评判中未发现相关性。对于护理人员来说，期望与他们对老年居民对儿语的喜爱的预测以及护理人员对成人语言与护理对象互动无效的认可有关。结果模式表明，护理人员期望的差异可能通过对老年人的共同社会刻板印象起作用。
