Sonnenberg A, Müller-Lissner S A, Weiser H F, Müller-Duysing W, Heinzel F, Blum A L
Am J Physiol. 1982 Jul;243(1):G42-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1982.243.1.G42.
In humans duodenogastric reflux and gastric emptying were measured simultaneously by a two-marker technique that avoids transpyloric intubation. The duodenal marker consisted of 99mTc-labeled Hepatobida and was infused intravenously at a constant rate. Hepatobida was cleared almost exclusively by the liver and entered the duodenum at a constant rate via the bile. The gastric marker consisted of 51CrCl2 and was used to measure total intragastric volume by the double-sampling technique. Duodenogastric reflux occurred both after meals and under fasting conditions. Reflux rate was on the average 13 times smaller than emptying rate. It was higher with a lipid than with a protein meal and was independent of the rate of gastric emptying. The gastric concentration and total amount of duodenal contents were higher after lipid than protein meals. Since gastric emptying of a protein meal was faster than emptying of a lipid meal, the increased gastric concentration and accumulation of duodenal contents after lipid meals are due to a slowed gastric clearing and increased reflux of duodenal contents. Under fasting conditions, the reflux was lower and the gastric concentration of duodenal contents was higher than with both types of meals. Hence regurgitated duodenal contents may cause more damage to the gastric mucosa under fasting conditions than postprandially.
在人体中，采用一种避免经幽门插管的双标记技术同时测量十二指肠-胃反流和胃排空。十二指肠标记物由99mTc标记的肝必肽组成，以恒定速率静脉输注。肝必肽几乎完全由肝脏清除，并通过胆汁以恒定速率进入十二指肠。胃标记物由51CrCl2组成，用于通过双样本技术测量胃内总体积。十二指肠-胃反流在餐后和空腹条件下均会发生。反流速率平均比排空速率小13倍。与蛋白质餐相比，脂质餐时反流速率更高，且与胃排空速率无关。脂质餐后胃内十二指肠内容物的浓度和总量高于蛋白质餐。由于蛋白质餐的胃排空速度比脂质餐快，脂质餐后胃内十二指肠内容物浓度增加和积聚是由于胃清除减慢和十二指肠内容物反流增加所致。在空腹条件下，反流较低，但胃内十二指肠内容物浓度高于两种类型的餐食。因此，空腹条件下反流的十二指肠内容物对胃黏膜造成的损害可能比餐后更大。
