Odkvist L M, Larsby B, Tham R, Ahlfeldt H, Andersson B, Eriksson B, Liedgren S R
Acta Otolaryngol. 1982 Nov-Dec;94(5-6):487-93. doi: 10.3109/00016488209128939.
Several reports indicate that disturbances of the vestibulo-oculomotor ability are a manifestation of the toxic action on the central nervous system exerted by some industrial solvents. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the vestibulo-oculomotor system during exposure to styrene, which is extensively used in the production of plastics. Healthy volunteers were exposed to styrene for one hour. Rotatory and optokinetic nystagmus, visual suppression as well as speed, latency and accuracy of saccades were tested before, during, and one hour after the exposure. The pulmonary uptake and the blood level of the solvent were continuously analysed by gas chromatography. The styrene blood concentration was equivalent to that which may well be reached after serveral hours of hard work in an industrial environment with a concentration of styrene within permitted limits. No spontaneous nystagmus appeared. The rotatory and optokinetic nystagmus was not influenced by styrene. However, the speed of the saccade was significantly enhanced. The visual suppression was disturbed, shown by an increased gain after styrene exposure. The experiments thus indicate that styrene given to healthy test persons induced disturbances, thus consistent with the theory that some organic solvents block the cerebellar inhibition of the vestibulo-oculomotor system.
几份报告表明，前庭动眼能力障碍是某些工业溶剂对中枢神经系统产生毒性作用的一种表现。本研究的目的是在接触广泛用于塑料生产的苯乙烯期间，对前庭动眼系统进行检查。健康志愿者接触苯乙烯一小时。在接触前、接触期间和接触后一小时，测试了旋转性和视动性眼球震颤、视觉抑制以及扫视的速度、潜伏期和准确性。通过气相色谱法持续分析溶剂的肺部摄取量和血液水平。苯乙烯血液浓度与在工业环境中苯乙烯浓度在允许范围内经过数小时艰苦工作后可能达到的浓度相当。未出现自发性眼球震颤。旋转性和视动性眼球震颤不受苯乙烯影响。然而，扫视速度显著提高。视觉抑制受到干扰，表现为苯乙烯暴露后增益增加。因此，实验表明，给予健康测试者苯乙烯会引发干扰，这与某些有机溶剂阻断小脑对前庭动眼系统抑制作用的理论一致。
