Larsby B, Tham R, Odkvist L M, Hydén D, Bunnfors I, Aschan G
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1978 Mar;4(1):60-5. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2722.
Objective methods for critically evaluating the toxic effect of industrial solvents are highly desirable. As many of these solvents are suspected to cause vertigo, an animal experimental model was set up for studying the effects of solvents on the vestibular systems. The vestibular function was studied by registration of involuntary eye movements--nystagmus--which are elicited via central vestibulo-oculomotor connections. During exposure to styrene a so-called positional nystagmus was demonstrated that indicated vestibular disturbances. Nystagmus is normally elicited by rotatory acceleration. During exposure to styrene the direction of this rotatory nystagmus was reversed. The incidence of the positional nystagmus correlated well with the blood level of the solvent, measured by gas chromatography. Kinetic studies also demonstrated a rapid equilibration between the level of the solvent in arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid, and therefore suggested that estimation of the arterial level reliably indicates the level in the central nervous system.
迫切需要客观的方法来严格评估工业溶剂的毒性作用。由于许多此类溶剂被怀疑会导致眩晕，因此建立了一个动物实验模型来研究溶剂对前庭系统的影响。通过记录非自主性眼球运动——眼球震颤——来研究前庭功能，眼球震颤是通过中枢前庭-动眼神经连接引发的。在接触苯乙烯期间，出现了一种所谓的位置性眼球震颤，这表明存在前庭功能障碍。眼球震颤通常由旋转加速度引发。在接触苯乙烯期间，这种旋转性眼球震颤的方向发生了逆转。位置性眼球震颤的发生率与通过气相色谱法测得的溶剂血液水平密切相关。动力学研究还表明动脉血和脑脊液中溶剂水平之间能快速达到平衡，因此表明对动脉血水平的估计能可靠地反映中枢神经系统中的水平。
