Odkvist L, Larsby B, Tham R, Hydén D
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1983 Oct;91(5):537-9. doi: 10.1177/019459988309100512.
Animal experiments show that intoxication with hydrocarbon solvents influences the vestibulo-oculomotor reflex arc and indicate that the solvents block the inhibition of the vestibulo-oculomotor reflex presumably exerted by the cerebellum. The blood concentrations necessary to elicit oculomotor disturbances in animals were smaller than those that disturbed the vestibular function. Accordingly, in human experiments styrene and toluene exposure did not elicit any positional nystagmus but caused an increased saccade speed and a diminished visual suppression of vestibular nystagmus. Some cerebellar clinical pathologic process in patients who suffer from a psycho-organic syndrome caused by solvents leads us to believe that the cerebellum might be the most vulnerable part of the brain. Some patients had a positional nystagmus, but the most prominent pathologic signs were elicited by the visual suppression test. Our findings compare well with the increased saccade speed and diminished visual suppression in patients with cerebellar tumors and infarctions.
动物实验表明，烃类溶剂中毒会影响前庭眼动反射弧，并表明这些溶剂会阻断可能由小脑施加的对前庭眼动反射的抑制作用。在动物身上引发眼动障碍所需的血液浓度低于干扰前庭功能的浓度。因此，在人体实验中，接触苯乙烯和甲苯并未引发任何位置性眼球震颤，但会导致扫视速度加快以及对前庭性眼球震颤的视觉抑制减弱。患有由溶剂引起的精神器质性综合征的患者出现的一些小脑临床病理过程使我们相信，小脑可能是大脑中最易受损的部分。一些患者有位置性眼球震颤，但最明显的病理体征是由视觉抑制试验引出的。我们的研究结果与小脑肿瘤和梗死患者扫视速度加快和视觉抑制减弱的情况非常吻合。
