Pettersson R F, Hellström P E, Penttinen K, Pyhälä R, Tokola O, Vartio T, Visakorpi R
J Infect Dis. 1980 Sep;142(3):377-83. doi: 10.1093/infdis/142.3.377.
The usefulness of amantadine in the protection of humans against influenza A (H1N1) virus was evaluated in a double-blind field trial with 555 volunteers in Finland in the winter of 1978. Three populations--patients in a general hospital, adults in a home for the aged, and two groups of military conscripts--were chosen. Epidemic influenza occurred only in the two groups of conscripts: the incidence of serologically verified influenza was 66% and 83% in the groups that received placebo and 43% and 51% in the groups that received amantadine, giving protection rates of 36% (P = 0.05) and 39% (P = 0.001). The evaluation of the effect of amantadine on the occurrence of illness was obscured by concomitant adenoviral infections that caused influenza-like symptoms. No clear difference in the occurrences of side effects was observed between the placebo and amantadine-treated groups; however, a significantly greater number of participants who took 200 mg of amantadine/day (16.9%) stopped medication during the trial as compared with the placebo groups (7.6%) (P < 0.02).
1978年冬季，在芬兰对555名志愿者进行了一项双盲现场试验，评估了金刚烷胺对人类预防甲型H1N1流感病毒的有效性。选择了三类人群——综合医院的患者、养老院的成年人以及两组应征入伍者。流行性感冒仅在两组应征入伍者中发生：接受安慰剂组血清学确诊流感的发病率分别为66%和83%，接受金刚烷胺组分别为43%和51%，保护率分别为36%（P = 0.05）和39%（P = 0.001）。由于同时发生的腺病毒感染导致类似流感的症状，使得对金刚烷胺对疾病发生影响的评估变得模糊不清。在安慰剂组和接受金刚烷胺治疗的组之间，未观察到副作用发生率有明显差异；然而，与安慰剂组（7.6%）相比，每天服用200毫克金刚烷胺的参与者中有显著更多的人（16.9%）在试验期间停止了用药（P < 0.02）。
